Semi conductor

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  👍 

1. Conductor (चालक)

  • Meaning: A conductor is a material that allows electric current (flow of electrons) to pass through it very easily.
  • Reason: In conductors, the outermost electrons (valence electrons) are loosely bound and can move freely.
  • Examples: Copper, Aluminum, Silver, Gold, Iron.
  • Properties:
    • Very low electrical resistance.
    • Good conductors of heat as well.
    • Used in wires, cables, and electrical circuits.

2. Semiconductor (अर्धचालक)

  • Meaning: A semiconductor is a material whose ability to conduct electricity lies between a conductor and an insulator.
  • Reason: In semiconductors, electrons are not as free as in conductors, but they can move when energy (like heat, light, or voltage) is applied.
  • Examples: Silicon, Germanium, Gallium Arsenide.
  • Properties:
    • Moderate electrical conductivity.
    • Conductivity can be controlled by doping (adding impurities).
    • Basis of electronic components like diodes, transistors, microchips.

👉 In short:

  • Conductor = free movement of electrons, easy current flow.
  • Semiconductor = controlled movement of electrons, used in electronics.


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