Bios

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bios in motherboard
Bios - It is a software or firmware that enables you to start the system . It performs the basic maintenance of the system  by checking all the hardware connected to the system & load the operating system (os).
Bios running in memory consists of all the
varios drivers that interface the hardware
to the os.

Mother board bios - It is collection of programs embedded in one or more chips , 
depending on design of your computer .
this collection of programs is loded first even before os. is loded .Bios have  four function.
Post- Test computer's  processor , memory, chipset,  video adapter , disks, controllers, 
disk drivers, key board & other component.

Post- Tests computer's , processors , memory 
chipset,  video adapter , disk controller, disk drive , & key board , & other drive.

Setup- Enables you to configure to mother board & chipset setting . system configuration  & setup programs is usually
driven programs which is activated by pressing a special key during (Post).

BIOS - Collection of actual drivers  which 
act  as a basic interface between os& computer hardware when system is booted& run.

Boot strap loader- read hard disk drivers
boot sector to load (o.s.) 

Bios manufacturer- Some of  leading  manufacturer of bios are.

American megatrends in ( a.m.l.) - founded in 1985 was first to build mother board based on INTEL (386) & 486 processor platform.

Award- Leading manufacturer of (bios) now
merged with phonix technologies.

There are different bios manufacturer some are shown below here.

(phonix, award, ami bios , ibm, compaq)

Preboot environment- Standerd & pro version of  phonix first bios have common pre boot environment  with graphical user interface  that enable user to access  bios 
setup , extended diagnostics, a backup/ restore application, or full recovery  of original system contents ( product restoration to factory delivered contents)

Basic input/ output system packing- Bios software enables you to control & trouble
shoot the system & different hardware components before loading o.s.

 Bios chip's type- There are two type of bios chip. first is (d.i.p) second is (plcc) .

(D.i.p)-It is dual inline package  it is 32 pin chip shape is rectangle.

Plcc( plastic leaded chip) - That is 28 pin shape square.

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