Topology

 Topology- It is different configuration to connect all devices of network.

Network- It is group of devices to connect by communication path in which exchange the information and share resources.

STRUCTURE OF NETWORK- There are two types of network point-to-point network multipoint networks.

Point to point network- Point to point network in this type network there are two devices connected to each other data flow in this type network, local network to remote network, ex- satellite ,television ,microwave.

Multi point- In this type network multi-device share of network it is also called multi drop connection.

Structure of Topology- 1.physical topology 2. logical topology.

Pysical topologies- In this Type Topology, it reffer To Connect All Device Physically.it means the physical shape of network.

Logical Topologies- The Network Create Different Type But Actually Work's Logically.( it's shape is different).

Type of Topologies- Single node, Star bus, Ring, Mesh, Tree, Hybrid.

Single node- In this Topologies there are One Server and Host Having All the Information of the Network.

Terminal- These single node topologies hosts is called dump terminal.It is connected to the server.

Basic structure of single node: A single node

network include a single device . Which is connected to the server. the server is the main device that is used to network data storage.

Advantage: (1) Install Easy to Configure and Manage.(2)Single cable Required only.

Disadvantage: (1)Only single device connected in the entire network.

In ring topology devices connected in the form of circle. Data flow in one direction clock wise and anti clock wise!

In this topology a (smartmessage) is called, token is continue, pass one device to another .

The device which has token  is allowed to transmit data over the network data send the appropriate device and acknowledgement  send back to that device.

In ring network device attached electrically and optically but physically attached in the form of star .There Is hub (multi Station Access Unit). It Provide The Electrical And Optically Connection Between The Device And Network.

Dual ring topology: In this type topology there are two types of ring,  primary ring and secondary.Primary ring carry data in only one side and secondary ring, carry data opposite side.Ifthe primary ring working stopped then secondary ring used.

bus topologies: there are use back bone cable all the device attach of this cable.this is thick coaxial cable in bus topologies use to daisy chain to add more device attach to cable.first & last device connect 50 ohm terminators in bus topologies device are not responsible to transmit data.if device faile entire network is not effected.in active topologies device regenrate the signals in this case if device fail the entire network is effected.

when two device transmit data to each other

 in same time so in this case signals collied& information is destroyed. this process is called data collision.

Mesh topology: In Mesh topology each device are connected to each other. there are two type of mesh topology 

1. FULL MESH TOPOLOGY

2PARTIAL MESH TOPOLOGY

above picture is Mesh Topology

Tree Topology: This Topology is combination of linear bus topology ,

star topology . The Group of star topology is connected to backbone of the linear bus topology . Twiested pair cable is connected

to in this topology.

Hybrid Topology : This is combination of

different type of  network Topology. Star, Bus, Star ring. 

above picture is Tree Topology.

above picture is hybrid Topology.