Lan type

 Ether lan- For lan or ethernet card

 (802 standard)

Token ring- there are one token that catch

data .

Token bus- here system connect physically

in bus format.but token pass in ring format.

FDDI- It is primary & secondary ring net work.data done by primary ring, secondary ring is used as back up.

ADVANTAGE- 1 Share device like printer or

faxes in a network.

2. communication & sharing data.

DISADVANTAGE- 1.Limited computer can be

connect in a lan.

2. Lan can not coverage large area.

Encoding- It converts the bitstream into a signal before it is transmitted.

TRANSMISSION RATE- This means speed is how many bits are transmitted in 1 second?

Transmission mode- Data transmission mode is done in 3 ways.

Simplex- In this mode, communication of data takes place from one side only. It has a one device Sender&The second device is the receiver.

Half duplex- Communication in this mode on both sides, but time is not the same.

Full duplex- Communication in this mode from both sides at the same time.

syncronigation- sender reciever data flow

same bit format.

Flow control- Here the speed of data is controlled by data link layer and if there is any problem in the speed of data, like the speed of sender is faster & a reciever device   has a low receiving This problem is then solved by flow control of the Between  2 computers.

Network layer: (1) logical addressing- by router.

Transport layer: (1) segement (2)Reassembly

Session layer: synchronization

presentation layer: (1) Encryption

Encryption: It allow the personalize data any person don't open  that data this layer decrypt of that data change of original form.

Application Layer : for mail.